Monday, March 15, 2021

I have not updated this blog in a long time. A lot has happened in six years, so I am writing a book about my life with lemurs, particularly with Obi, my inspiration and best friend. I plan to split the story into two volumes, collectively known as The Little Lemur Who Spoke. I hope to publish the first book later this year.

Please visit my new website and support this amazing tale: https://lemurwhospoke.org.

Monday, September 7, 2015

Another talk at the CCS Fall Meeting!

After giving my presentation on the evolution of hand and tool use at the HBES conference in May, I decided that I needed to utilize opportunities like this more often.  Having met a young researcher from New Mexico State University with similar interests and a willingness to collaborate on the topic of theory of mind in lemurs, I applied to give a talk at the 2015 Fall Meeting of the Comparative Cognition Society (CCS).  My talk was accepted, and the title is "The Little Lemur Who Spoke: Theory of Mind in Lemurs?"  (The abstract is available online, and is found on page 11.)

Anyone familiar with my tales about Obi will know who this talk primarily focuses on.  I hope that in sharing my experiences with him and other lemurs I can convince the academic community to shed some of their biases and take a new look at the lemur mind.

I'm also trying to see if I can give a talk about the lemur mind and cognition on a TED talk.

New lemurs at Moorpark!

America's Teaching Zoo has successfully obtained two new female ring-tailed lemurs, who they hope to pair with Obi.  The arrived at the zoo a few months ago and have been in the Quarantine area since.  Obi was relocated to the cage next to them following their month-long quarantine, and the latest I've heard is that the introduction process is progressing.

Even though I can't see Obi (except faintly, though many layers of fence), I'm happy to know that he's finally getting some new companionship.  I hope the introduction goes well, and I'm looking forward to seeing them on exhibit.

Thursday, March 26, 2015

Selected for HBES 2015!

I'm excited to announce that the abstract I submitted was selected, and I will be giving a presentation of my research at the 27th Human Behavior and Evolution Society (HBES) Conference in Columbia, Missouri.  The title of my talk will be: "The evolution of cognition and hand use in primates: an interdisciplinary perspective".

I may post the abstract a little closer to the date of the presentation.

Tuesday, January 20, 2015

Back to Wiki

My newest work (and Featured Article candidate) on Wikipedia: Fork-marked lemur.

I'm also working to submit an abstract to the 27th Human Behavior and Evolution Society (HBES) Conference in hopes of presenting my hypothesis about the origins of object manipulation in simian primates.  As always, this was inspired by Obi and Janga, and my work is dedicated to them.

Friday, November 28, 2014

The passing of a queen

It is with great pain that I share news of Janga's passing.  Around 9:00 pm on 27 November 2014 (Thanksgiving Day), Janga was put down due to quality of life issues pertaining to her recently diagnosed diabetes.  A later necropsy revealed masses on her liver and pancreas, with lab results indicating cancer in 3 cell types.  She was 17 years old.  She was preceded in death by her natal troop, victims of a toxoplasmosis outbreak in December 1998, prior to her arrival at Moorpark in May 2002.  She was survived by Obi (age 20), her sole companion at Moorpark since 2003.  At the time of her passing, she was surrounded (in person or in heart) by her trainers and zoo staff.

Though I couldn't be in the room with her at the end, I waited for news in the vet hospital parking lot for 3 hours.  It felt like an eternity, especially since I knew what was likely to happen.  When I finally got word, my worst fears were confirmed.  Fortunately I got to see her one last time the previous weekend.  I had plans to see her again this Saturday.

Though she antagonized me for most of my year with Obi, I always loved her... even when she made it hard to do so.  I deeply regret thinking of her as a spoiled princess at that time.  During the last month or two of my time at Moorpark, we finally came to understand one another, and things changed radically.  By giving her more control during feeding and eventually trusting her enough to let her greet me with a nose touch, we quickly became close.  When animal turnovers approached, I sincerely think that she hoped to claim me as her new trainer.  She began to put herself between Obi and I, not out of spite or in hopes of getting treats (like she used to), but simply to sit with me and to groom me.  My sweetest memory of her was when she and Obi were licking me and I purred, startling both of them so much that they looked at each other in shock, and then proceeded to groom me meticulously, like I was a lemur.  My most heart-breaking memory of her was our final nose touch on graduation day.

She was the most beautiful and regal lemur I have ever known—a rightful queen who deserved a strong and healthy troop in Madagascar.  She will be sorely missed, particularly by her trainers and Obi, her rock and security blanket.

She will always be my one and only queen.


"Janga"
(Mahajanga or Maha Jenga)
20 March 1997 - 27 November 2014

Wednesday, November 26, 2014

A queen dethroned

On Tuesday, November 25, Janga was diagnosed with diabetes.  Over the past few weeks, she had lost a lot of weight, falling to as little as 3 lbs.  I visited this past weekend, ahead of the scheduled tests, unsure if it would be my last time to see her.  She looked horribly frail and insecure, cuddling behind Obi--something usually seen in submissive ring-tailed lemurs.  It really shook me to see this once proud and fiercely dominant female looking so weak.  Yesterday, lab results on her urine indicated the beginning stages of diabetes, but today's blood work showed it was much more advanced.  The hope now is that a new diet and oral medication can halt her weight loss and hopefully restore her to her former glory.

I plan to visit again this weekend.  Needless to say I will be savoring whatever time I have left with my former queen... and, of course, Obi.

Friday, October 31, 2014

Happy World Lemur Day!

This week (October 25th to 31st, 2014) was the inaugural World Lemur Festival in Madagascar, and today is World Lemur Day!

Richard Branson: Why we love lemurs

I'm back!

This summer, I moved back to southern California and--by chance--I met Obi's new trainer.  She and I are now spending a lot of time together and sharing lemur stories.  It's nice to have a window on the lives of those lemurs once again.  It's also nice that I can visit the zoo and see them from time to time.

Friday, August 23, 2013

90% of all lemur species likely to be extinct in 20-25 years.

According to a news report in The Telegraph, the IUCN claims that 90% of all lemur species could be extinct in 20 to 25 years unless a 3-year, $7.6 million program to help local communities in Madagascar gets underway immediately.  (I'd donate if I had a job!)  I'm doing what I can on my end by trying to get this news blurb mentioned on the main page of Wikipedia.  Keep an eye out for it and pass the news along.

Friday, August 2, 2013

My Wikipedia work gets a noteable mention!

Okay, this really isn't about lemurs, but their cousins: slow lorises.  With that said...

I learned today from Dr. Anna Nekaris, the world's leading slow loris researcher and conservationist, that my work on Wikipedia got mentioned in a peer-reviewed journal article:
A while back, a group of dedicated Wikipedia editors and I collaborated with Nekaris to develop a series of slow loris Wikipedia articles, one of which was specifically about slow loris conservation--Conservation of slow lorises.  This was in response to a viral YouTube video that was inspiring many people to seek out these animal as pets... which is illegal and seriously hampering conservation efforts.  If you haven't heard about this, please read!
At least one (possibly 4) new species of dwarf lemur have been discovered in Madagascar:


The Lavasoa dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus lavasoensis) is found in only 3 isolated forest fragments in southern Madagascar, and the genetic analysis suggests many new species of dwarf lemur exist on the island.  I wrote an article about it on Wikipedia, and it may get featured on the main page soon (under In the News): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavasoa_dwarf_lemur

Thursday, July 18, 2013

Dream

I had a dream about Obi last night--the first in a while.  Moreover, it was a happy dream.  All-to-often, when I dream about Obi and Janga, it's the same story: the two ring-tailed lemurs I was so close to are moving away from me, calling to me to keep up.  However, I struggle, finding myself tied down by obligations to other people.  But in last night's dream, I found myself sitting next to their enclosure at Moorpark, and Obi was so excited to see me that he reached through the bars to grab my hair and pull me closer.  His trainer (some guy I've never seen) appeared, opened the cage door, and Obi came flying out, jumped on my chest (knocking me to the ground), and licked my face and forehead with great zeal.  In that moment, I felt happier than I have since I last saw those two lemurs nearly five years ago.  I was so happy, in fact, that the joy of it woke me up.  I managed to force myself back to sleep and to return to the dream, but it was more mellow, though still relaxing.  I don't recall the details, though.  Eventually the dream shifted away from Obi into the typical realm of nonsensical dreaming, but not before inspiring me to start picking myself up and trying all of this again.

I've been away from the blog for a while.  The same can be said of my Wiki work, research, and book.  Life hasn't been too kind lately.  (But then again, it never is.)  Yet I'm going to try again, starting with little steps and slowly moving forward.

After I finish this entry, I'm going to start the book.  I'm going to try to take it as far as I can, and hopefully finish it... finally.  The story needs to be told.  And hopefully along the way, I'll be stopping in here to share bits and pieces of the story.

It's time for me to catch up to those lemurs and to keep the promise I made five years ago.  It's time to begin again.

Thursday, March 28, 2013

Welcome to the family (Cheirogaleidae)

Two new species were described on (or around) 26 March 2013.  Read the Live Science article Tiny Lemur Twins Are 2 New Species.  Special thanks to fellow lemur enthusiast Margie Deeb for bringing it to my attention.

Mouse lemurs (genus Microcebus) are the smallest of the lemurs, measuring just a few inches in length and weighing less than 100 g (less than 3.5 oz).  This also makes them the smallest living primates.  (Believe it or not, some potentially close relatives of our ancient ancestors were once smaller.)  Mouse lemurs were popularized in the Madagascar movies and related miniseries by the character, Mort.

Since I write lemur articles on Wikipedia, I have created some basic articles for these two new species to summarize the research.
As always, more lemur-related Wikipedia articles are on the way.

Introductions

Often people talk about their passions as something that began in their childhood.  My love for lemurs is much more recent, and stems from two very special ring-tailed lemurs.  After I had relocated to California in 2005 to attend Moorpark College's Exotic Animal Training & Mangaement (EATM), I learned that I would be required to work extensively with at least one animal in four general categories: hoofstock, carnivores, birds, and primates.  I was looking forward to the first three, but believe it or not, when I first came to zoo keeping, I wanted to have nothing to do with primates.  I saw them as too human-like, particularly in their social manipulativeness.  Human drama annoyed me, I knew that I would still be dealing with it in my interactions with my coworkers, and I didn't want to see it in the animals I would be caring for.

At the time, I knew little to nothing about lemurs.  Like many students of biology or anthropology, my education was limited to a brief introduction to "prosimian" primates--"primitive, mostly nocturnal primates with small brains"--after which the instructor would move on to spend a few days on monkeys and even more time on apes.  The textbooks were slightly more descriptive, for those who go beyond the scope of the class.

My true introduction to lemurs came at Moorpark, when a girl I was dating at the time offered to let me tag along for a lemur feeding.  I wasn't in the EATM program yet, but was taking the basic biology classes while waiting for admission; she was a first-year student finally getting her first animal assignments.  Lemurs had been her first pick, so she was very excited.  Personally, I was more excited spending time with my girlfriend and seeing the zoo on a day when it was closed to the public; the primates were less of an interest.  When we got to the lemur exhibit, I remember two cat-sized balls of grey fur perking up and racing to the bars of the enclosure.  The smallest one--a male named Obi--was the first to the bars, but was quickly chased off by a slender, majestic female named Janga.  (According to zoo records and staff, her full name is "Maha Jenga"--supposedly a character from Star Wars, just like Obi [Obi-wan] and a former resident named Yoda.  However, there was no "Maha Jenga" in Star Wars, but there is a city in Madagascar called Mahajanga.  Therefore, several successive generations of lemur keepers at Moorpark--including me--called her Janga, not Jenga.)

Janga was dominant, as is typical in most lemur species.  In ring-tailed lemurs, females are not just dominant, they can be downright bossy!  Demonstrating that point, Janga launched after Obi once she saw that her trainer had come bearing grapes.

Now I've always had a weak spot for underdogs.  For example, when watching sporting events in which I have no ties with either team, I'll typically root for the losing team or the one least favored to win.  Obi was not just an underdog, he was also a bit of a misfit and notoriously aggressive towards people.  Given that I also have a weak spot for misunderstood people/animals, it was inevitable that I would be drawn to him.  At that moment, I thought, "If I have to be assigned to a primate, I guess I would prefer a lemur."  As the days and months went by, I went from simply wanting to be assigned to Obi so that I wouldn't have to work with the zoo's monkeys to favoring Obi above all other animals at the zoo.  My love for lemurs was born.

Animal assignments at EATM were based on academic merit, so the students with the highest grades and best attendance got first pick.  Since Obi had once come out on leash for animal shows, many in my class had their eyes on him.  (I'm sure cuteness was also a factor.)  The competition was pretty intense, but driven by my desire to work with Obi, I made sure my record was as spotless as possible.  When writing down my wishlist for animal assignments, I explicitly wrote that I would sacrifice all my other first picks in the other categories for Obi.  Needless to say, I got the assignment!

In future posts, I will share the stories of how the relationship between Obi and I developed.  It was an amazing adventure, and has shaped the way I live today.  For me, there's no love like lemur love.

Friday, March 8, 2013

Happy Birthday, Zoo Atlanta ring-tails!

A friend of mine, Joanna Robinson, just informed me that tomorrow (9 March) is Neal's 8th birthday.  The other ring-tailed lemurs at Zoo Atlanta, are also celebrating birthdays this month:
Julius turned 9 on the 6th, while Jason and Ringo will turn 10 on the 15th.

Like most other lemurs, ring-tailed lemurs are seasonal breeders, so all the babies are born around the same time every year.  Here in the northern hemisphere, it's in March and April.  In Madagascar, they are typically born in September or October.

Even Obi and Janga at Moorpark College are celebrating birthdays soon. Obi will be 20 on 11 April, and Janga will be 16 on 20 March.  They're getting old too fast!

Coincidence or not, I also have a birthday coming  up this month.  (I'm not sharing the date.  I don't celebrate.)  Very appropriate for someone who has been adopted into a lemur troop...

Sunday, February 24, 2013

The tuft

Sorry for the long delay between posts.  I've finished moving from North Carolina to Atlanta, though I still have much to go through and get rid of.  Life's been kind of crazy lately.

In the process of packing, I came across a small plastic container with some lemur fur.  While attending Moorpark College's Exotic Animal Training & Management program, I was fortunate enough to have been assigned to the school's two ring-tailed lemurs, Obi and Janga.  Though we had many adventures over the course of the year, this brief memory comes from the very end of our relationship.  On one of my last days in the program, Janga put Obi in his place when a few classmates and I were standing nearby.  (Female dominance is the norm among many species of lemur, and especially ring-tailed lemurs.)  Following the brief spat, a tuft of Obi's fur drifted our way, and my co-trainer, Rebekah, caught it.  Knowing that it would hold a lot of meaning for me, she handed it to me and said, "Something to remember Obi by."  Indeed, it's the only physical reminder I have of my best friend.  The photos and videos I took over the course of our year together are priceless, but that small tuft of grey and brown fur is certainly one of my most cherished possessions.

Tuesday, February 12, 2013

And it's Neal by a nose!

Today was my last official day as a seasonal keeper in Primates at Zoo Atlanta, and therefore my last day working with their lemurs.  :-(  We had two training sessions today, and the honor of "top performer" goes to Neal!  It was closer than I expected.  This morning Ringo was as sharp as a tack and moved up to the point of correctly distinguishing his target stick from the other three.  Unlike Neal, though, Ringo wasn't able to maintain the consistency in the afternoon and regressed, making Neal the clear winner.  Jason finished not too far behind, still as confident as before, but not as good on distinguishing.  Julius continued to make very slow, steady progress, but never reached the point of learning to distinguish targets.  Good luck to the other primate trainers as they take over their training!  The Primates department is loaded with skilled keepers, so I know they are in good hands.

In truth, my days at Zoo Atlanta are not over.  Starting sometime next week, I will be a seasonal keeper with Birds, and I may even continue helping out with Primates.  The details have yet to be worked out.  But for now, this post will conclude the daily updates on the Zoo Atlanta lemurs.  If I remember any other good stories to tell, I will certainly share them.  In the meantime, I have many, many stories to tell about two very special ring-tailed lemurs: Obi & Janga.  I'll try to share one later this weekend.

Monday, February 11, 2013

Approaching the finish line

With only one day left to train the ring-tailed lemurs at Zoo Atlanta, today's training session felt like a pivotal moment in my two weeks of lemur training.  As we approach the finish line, one lemur holds a clear lead: Neal!  Although Jason and Ringo are doing very well, and even Julius is starting to make progress, Neal may actually satisfy my idealistic training goals by tomorrow afternoon.

This afternoon, with the help of Alicia, one of my fellow keepers, we put Neal to the test--first discovering that he would follow his target stick if held by someone other than me, and then watching him distinguish between three of the target sticks, each held far apart.  Tomorrow, I hope to test with all four target sticks, and if he gets that, he will have mastered my targeting goals!  Furthermore, Neal has also demonstrated that he can return to his station with only a verbal command (without the trainer touching the carabiner).  This is excellent news, since I had been concerned that the ring-tailed lemurs might have problems with a mobile station, given their difficulties with object permanence problems.  Neal has shown that with careful training and a very attentive lemur, many great things are possible.  Go Neal!

Sunday, February 10, 2013

Neal. Target!

The ring-tailed lemurs at Zoo Atlanta never cease to amaze me.  During today's two training sessions, all four made good progress, including troublesome Julius.  Jason is showing increased confidence, strong stationing and targeting behavior, and has even shown great promise at differentiating his target stick from the target sticks of others.  (The latter is a newly introduced criteria, and he seemed to get the idea almost immediately.)  Ringo is now back on track and demonstrating his ability to differentiate target sticks.  Of course, he's always been strong on stationing (grabbing the carabiner hooked to the cage mesh)--the trick will be to get him to stop offering the behavior when I'm not asking for it.  Julius' targeting behavior, on the other hand, is still poor (at best), but he is finally getting the idea of the carabiner and stationing.  Finally, progress!

Once again, Neal is leaping ahead.  Today, he was showing very strong ability to differentiate targets, and even had no problem distinguishing between his target (a stick with a heart on the end) vs. Jason's target (a stick with a circle).  The shapes are similar, and up until now, I had only asked him to distinguish his heart from either Julius' square or Ringo's triangle--both with sharp edges and no round edges.  Tomorrow, if I have help, I hope to give Neal the ultimate test: asking him to target using all four target sticks simultaneously.  If he can distinguish his target stick from the other three, then he will have completed all the training I had planned--all in less than 2 weeks!!

If that wasn't enough, Neal did something even better today.  For those of you familiar with my December Keeper Blog for Zoo Atlanta (reposted below with permission), it is well known that Neal is notoriously bad about coming inside at the end of the day.  Well, today I used his target stick, called "target", and Neal jumped up and came inside immediately to train.  Victory!!  Although he first ignored the carabiner (his "station" behavior), we may now have a way to bring Neal in and save a lot of time in the afternoon.  I hope with all my heart that these extra few minutes in the afternoon can now be converted to training sessions--a win-win for both keepers and lemurs.  Hopefully he does this again tomorrow!